复杂环境下一种基于改进核相关滤波的视觉鲁棒目标跟踪方法

目标跟踪在自动驾驶和智能监控系统等实时视觉应用中发挥着重要作用。在遮挡、相似干扰等情况下，传统的基于相关滤波的跟踪算法容易发生漂移，鲁棒性有待进一步提高。基于此，提出了一种扩展特征描述的检测辅助核相关滤波目标跟踪架构。首先，在传统的核相关滤波目标跟踪算法的基础上，通过目标检测辅助对跟踪结果进行质量判断，实现对遮挡以及目标丢失的判别；然后通过拓展特征模板的构建与匹配，实现抗干扰相似目标判断及目标重定位；最终，以行人跟踪为例进行了试验，分别通过OTB数据及验证试验和移动机器人平台视觉跟踪验证试验，验证了算法的可行性，并对算法的跟踪性能进行了测试。试验结果表明，所提方法能够稳定地跟踪移动目标，对遮挡、相似干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。     

塑料超声波焊接质量影响因素的研究进展

从焊接材料、工艺参数、焊接面连接形式等方面综述了塑料超声波焊接对焊接质量的影响规律。低熔点、高表面摩擦系数的材料容易进行焊接，焊接质量主要受焊接时间、压力等因素的影响，导能筋及连接层的引入有利于提高焊接质量，并指出了塑料超声波焊接的发展方向。     

基于超声波在污水流量测量中的应用研究

针对工业污水流量的测量问题,提出一种基于超声波的污水流量测量方法。通过对污水流量的测量原理的分析,设计出以单片机AT89C2051为核心的流量测量系统。实践表明,该测量系统具有高集成度、反应速度快,测量准确度高等特点。     

高精度紫外探测器定标测试方法

文章研究分析了紫外电学定标探测器的主要光电不等效因素,并建立了基于紫外电学定标探测器的紫外辐射定标系统。在此基础上,利用紫外探测器定标测试平台,开展了紫外探测器的测试方法研究,响应率定标的总不确定度为3%～5%,相对光谱测试的总不确定度为3%。     

固液火箭发动机中燃料热解速率的测量与分析

固液火箭发动机中,内弹道的计算、流场与性能分析等都需要确定燃料表面的退移速度,常规的热重分析、差热分析因升温速率太慢,与发动机环境的高升温速率差别很大,得到的热解速率误差大。采用了热板实验装置测量高升温速率环境下的固体燃料退移速率。采用高速摄影和超声波传感器进行动态测量,对比了摄影测量和超声波测量的结果,得到了超声波测量得到了热解过程中的退移速率与低密度聚乙烯表面温度的关系。     

锥束CT重建图像中环状伪影的拟合校正

针对锥束CT图像重建中像元通道响应不一致引起的环状伪影原理进行了分析,采用了拟合校正的方法对投影图像进行校正。结果表明,校正后重建图像中的环状伪影得到有效抑制。在此基础上,进一步考虑像元通道对射线强度响应的非线性,以及像元通道对射线能谱响应的非线性等因素对重建图像的影响,最后讨论了拟合校正的改进方向。     

探测器安全着陆风险评估与敏感性分析

探测器安全着陆是行星探测的关键环节,而目前着陆成功率偏低,进行安全着陆风险研究有着非常现实的工程需求.为此,首先分析探测器结构与着陆方式,梳理行星表面影响安全着陆的主要因素,明确着陆安全判据,然后基于蒙特卡罗思想,模拟行星表面地貌和探测器着陆方式,给出了探测器在盲降下安全着陆概率估计的仿真方法.在此基础上,考虑探测器尺寸和着陆区域面积,对探测器安全着陆概率进行敏感性分析,结果表明探测器的尺寸对安全着陆概率有显著影响.      

Thermomechanical coupling effect on characteristics of oxide film during ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID grinding ZTA ceramics

Ultrasonic vibration-assisted ELID (UVA-ELID) grinding is utilized as a novel and highly efficient processing method for hard and brittle materials such as ceramics. In this study, the UVA-ELID grinding ZTA ceramics is employed to investigate the influence of thermomechanical loading on the characteristics of oxide film. Based on the fracture mechanics of material, the model of internal stress for oxide film damage is proposed. The thermomechanical loading is composed of mechanical force and the thermal stress generating from grinding temperature. The theoretical model is established for the mechanical force, thermal stress and internal stress respectively. Then the finite element analysis method is used to simulate the theoretical model. The mechanical force and grinding temperature is measured during the actual grinding test. During the grinding process, the effect of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth on the thermomechanical force and the characteristics of oxide film is analyzed. Compared with the conventional ELID (C-ELID) grinding, the mechanical force decreased by 25.6% and 22.4% with the increase of grinding wheel speed and grinding depth respectively, and the grinding temperature declined by 10.7% and 12.8% during the UVA-ELID grinding. The thermal stress in the latter decreased by 16.3% and 20.8% respectively, and internal stress reduced by 12.3% and 15.6%. It was experimentally found that the topographies of oxide layer on the surface of the wheel and the machined surface in the latter was better than that in the former. The results indicate that the action of ultrasonic vibration establish a significant effect on the processing. Subsequently, it should be well considered for future reference when processing the ZTA ceramics.     

Effect of ultrasonic vibration on finished quality in ultrasonic vibration assisted micromilling of Inconel718

Inconel718 was machined with the traditional micromilling (TMM) and ultrasonic vibration assisted micromilling (UVAMM) with the different technology parameters, whose surface quality and burrs formation were studied. The results show that TMM often forms pits, bumps and gullies in the size effect range. UVAMM effectively improves the surface quality compared with TMM. The surface defects are significantly reduced with the increase of feed per tooth (ƒ_z). When ƒ_z exceeds 4 μm, the effect of ultrasonic vibration on the surface quality is no longer obvious. The minimum burr size on the down milling side and the up milling side are 50.23 μm and 36.57 μm, respectively. The feasibility of vibration cutting in improving surface quality and suppressing burr size was verified. UVAMM effectively suppresses the formation of built-up edge, which can significantly improve the micromilling process. The cutting force is obtained through simulation and experiment. They are agreement in the change trend. The finite element simulation can be used to predict the cutting force. Compared with TMM, feeding force (F_x), radial force (F_y) and axial force (F_z) of UVAMM decrease by 7.6%, 11.5% and 1.3%, respectively.     

红外多光谱相机的图像串扰校正方法

一种红外多光谱相机在1.55~2.35μm的波长区域有两个波段,由于探测器位于同一焦平面基底上以及读出电路设计等的影响,两谱段间存在串扰现象.首先对图像的串扰现象进行了描述,并对产生串扰现象可能的机理进行了分析.其次,从HgCdTe探测器焦平面阵列的内部结构及探测器的关键参数入手分析了光通过在焦平面区域的多次反射来进行反射及传输是光串扰及电串扰的机理;同时读出电路不准确设计也导致了串扰现象,并对串扰现象进行数学建模.研究发现B10波段的串扰(负/正冲激)与B11波段的阶跃(上升/下降沿)相关.最后基于所创建的数学模型对串扰现象进行了校正.